民国时期甘宁青边疆教育研究述评

推行边疆教育是南京国民政府的一项重要举措,在当时取得了一定成效。对此问题的研究具有积极的现实意义。本文对民国以来甘宁青边疆教育研究状况进行简要述评,并提出今后应注重研究的问题。     

民族政策在民族地区全面建设小康社会中的作用

本文论述了民族地区全面建设小康社会面临的发展机遇,指出民族地区建设小康社会必须走全面协调可持续发展道路。只有充分发挥民族平等和民族团结、民族区域自治、民族经济、民族干部、民族文化等政策的功能,才能实现民族地区全面建设小康社会的目标。     

民族地区的小康进程与全面小康建设论析

本文从区域间和区域内部比较的角度 ,分析了民族地区的小康进程和主要指标实现情况 ,认为民族地区处在一种更低水平、更不全面和区域性不平衡结构低端一极的小康格局中 ,并且其内部的小康建设进程也很不平衡。文章对民族地区全面小康建设中的加快发展与增速问题、农牧区小康建设问题和可持续发展能力问题进行了探讨。     

西部民族地区退耕还林还草的法律保障探讨

自然生态环境是人类赖以生存的基本条件,是经济社会发展的根本基础。自然生态环境的不断恶化,已成为制约西部地区经济社会持续发展的严重问题之一。我国制定“退耕还林还草”战略决策最主要的目的,就是为了给西部地区人民营造一个新的生存和发展空间。实施“退耕还林还草”的战略决策,必须尊重群众意愿,确保林草的成活率;必须遵循自然规律,因地制宜,宜林则林,宜草则草,实行综合治理;必须严格执行国务院关于“退耕还林、封山绿化、以粮代赈、个体承包”的法规措施;必须认真落实保护农民土地经营权的法律规范,树立生态环境可持续发展的法律协调观;必须建立和健全西部地区生态效益补偿机制,充分利用价格杠杆的作用促进西部地区的生态平衡。西部大开发要维护经济发展与生态的良性循环,建设山川秀美的新家园,让西部地区人民群众脱贫致富奔小康。     

以城镇基本公共服务均等化促进农业转移人口市民化

新型城镇化的核心是人的城镇化,人的城镇化主要是解决进城的农业转移人口能否顺利转变为城镇居民的问题,而实现这种转变的关键是能否享受均等化的基本公共服务。城镇基本公共服务不均等既表现在城镇社会的不同群体间,也表现在区域间。两者都会影响到农业转移人口的市民化过程。本文首先界定了城镇基本公共服务的内涵,并对其在群体间和区域间不均等的表现进行了考察,进而深入分析了不平等产生的原因,在此基础上提出了城镇基本公共服务均等化的实现路径。     

An Investigation and Report on the Present Status and Development of Cultural Industries in the Qiang Region

“Cultural industries”, as an e-merging industry with high added value , has be-come a pillar industry in many developed countries and regions .In recent years , China has been ac-tively promoting cultu...     

China＇s Household Tradition and Its Rural Development Path： With Reference to Traditional Russian and Indian Village Communities

能够对现代社会产生长远影响的本源型传统，构成现代社会发展的基础性制度。在东方国家的本源型传统中，不同于俄国和印度的村社制，中国是家户制，并在此基础上形成独特的中国农村发展道路。其中包括：以家户经营为基础的农业经营组织，家户内部农工商结合基础上的农工商互补经济，家户互助合作基础上的农村合作形式，家国共治基础上的农村治理体系。在中国农村发展进程中，尽管家户制一度被抛弃，但仍构成当下及未来农村发展的制度底色。     

海南乡村女幼师的专业发展:困境、缘由与突破

利用本省大学生假期返乡之际,调查了覆盖海南省16个县市的36个乡镇(村寨)幼儿园的163位女教师的专业发展状况。结果发现,海南乡村女幼儿教师存在数量不足、学历偏低、培训不力和社会评价不高等问题。建议构建乡村幼儿教师专业发展的保障体系、通过分级分类模式提高培训质量。     

An International Comparative Study on Women's Pension Rights and Their Economic Risks

This article examined the theoretical meanings of pension rights and analyzed their effects on women's economic risks in developed countries. First, based on the status of a citizen, worker, parent, and spouse, this study investigated how pension benefits are guaranteed as a citizen regardless of work history, the degree to which women's disadvantageous situations in the labor market and unpaid work are compensated by public pension as workers and parents, and how marital status is treated in the different pension systems. Second, analysis of the effect of pension rights showed that individual rights is a significant factor to prevent economic risks of elderly women. Derived rights did not seem to secure the economic welfare of elderly women, at least in a comparative context. This finding suggested that developing individual rights, rather than derived rights, is the way to guarantee long‐term elderly women's economic welfare.     

Can the minimum living standard guarantee scheme enable the poor to escape the poverty trap in rural China?

The rural Minimum Living Standard Guarantee (Dibao) Scheme is the most important social assistance programme in rural China. However, how the rural Dibao programme affects household expenditures and whether it can enable the poor to escape the poverty trap are questions that remain largely unexplored. This study used data from the 2012 Rural Household Survey in China to investigate the impact of the rural Dibao programme on household expenditures. We found that the programme significantly improved the well‐being of low‐income households. Particularly, the programme significantly increased household expenditures on housing, education and health; furthermore, the impact was greater for households with educated household heads. However, the programme did not significantly affect household expenditures on food, transportation or farming inputs. The results imply that participation in the rural Dibao programme induces household investment in human capital, which could help to break the inter‐generational transmission of poverty and raise long‐run welfare.